Sewing machine



1942- N. v. CHRISTENSEN 2,294,074

SEWING MACHINE Filed Nov. 30, 1939 5 Sheets-Sheet l WITNESSES: I N VEN TOR:

MHz um Vb'hrisienszn, ym% BY W W ATTORNEYS.

1942- Njy. CHRISTENSEN 2,294,074

SEWING MACHINE Filed Nov. 30, 1959 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 W1 TNESSES:

r INVENTOR; M Dbrman Vflizrisienszm A TTORNEYS.

. 1942. N. v. CHRISTENSEN 2,294,074

SEWING MACHINE Filed Nov. 30, 1939 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 A TTORNEYS. I66

1942- N. v. CHRISTENSEN 2,294,074

SEWING MACHII INE 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Nov. 30, 1939 .m kw

A TTORNEYS.

25, 1942- N. v. CI-IRISTENSEN 2,294,074

SEWING MACHINE Filed Nov. 30, 1939 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 BY mifiavui 2*- 49 1; ATTORNEYS.

Patented Aug. 25, 1942 snwmo momma Norman V. Christensen, Chicago, Ill., asslgnor to Union Special Machine Company, Chicago, 111..

a corporation of Illinois Application lqovember 30, 1939, Serial No. 306,826

18 Claims.

This invention relates to sewing machines and has reference more particularly to feed-off-thearm sewing machines. f such machines there are four representative types which are characterized by differences in the shaping of the machine frames, one such type being shown in U. S. Patent No. 1,356,334, granted to Joseph Berger on October 19, 1920; another in U. S. Patent No. 1,741,095, granted to Norman Christensen and Harold. J. Le Vesconte on December 24, 1929; another shown in U. S. Patent No. 999,718, granted to Hawes on Augustl, 1911; and another shown in U. S. Patent No. 1,041,585, granted to Borton on October 15, 1912. By virtue of the particular shape of its frame, each of these machines has particular advantages. For example, the machine having the type of square configuration instanced in the Berger patent, supra, permits use of a drive means in which the shafts are all at right angles but has the disadvantage of requiring additional mechanism since the work supporting arm has three sides. In the machine of the Christensen and Le Vesconte type wherein the frame is triangular, less mechanism is required in the drive, but the component parts of such drive are more expensive to manufacture.

Again machines of the Hawes and Borton types, in which the two portions of the work supporting arm lie substantially in the same plane, require less mechanism for driving than the machines having frames of the oil-set type like Berger and Christensen et al., but such co-Planar type machines are especially suited for sewing soft materials such as open or knit goods which are readily pliable.

The chief aim of the present invention is to make it possible to combine all the advantageous features of these several different types of feedoif-the-arm machines in one machine with a view to eliminating as many as possible of the disadvantages heretofore experienced. A further aim is to secure the foregoing objectives in a sewing machine which is relatively small and compact, and in which rotary motion is utilized to the greatest possible extent, so that it can be operated at very high speeds with a minimum of vibration, as well as quickly started and stopped without injury to the mechanism.

' Another aim of my invention is to avoid as far as possible external projections on the machine which desideratum I also attain as hereinafter more fully disclosed, through provision of a frame whereof the outer surfaces are smoothly mergent, and which afiords at its interior cavities forming, feeding, and driving mechanisms, but also of the thread tensions and mechanism for lifting the presser element and the means for controlling the tensions for the needle thread or threads.

Still another object of my invention is to define within a hollow frame characterized as above, isolated chambers in which the needle mechanism, the feed mechanism, the drive mechanism, as well as other mechanisms of the machine are separately housed, said chambers having separate oil supply provisions for automatic lubrication of the several mechanisms.

Other objects and attendant advantages will appear from the detailed description which follows, having reference to the attached drawings wherein:

Fig. I is a plan view of a feed-oif-the-arm sewing machine conveniently embodying my invention, a portion of the machine frame being broken out at the top to expose important details at the interior.

Fig. II is a view partly in front elevation and partly in vertical section, taken as indicated by the angled arrows IIII in Fig. I.

Fig. III is a horizontal sectional view of the base and work supporting arm taken as indicated by the angled arrows IHIII in Fig. II.

Figs. IV, V, VI, VII and VIII, represent vertical sectional views taken transversely at intervals along the work supporting arm as respectively indicated by the angled arrows IV-IV, V-V, VI-VI, vi -v11 and VIII-VIII, in Figs. DI, IX, and X.

Fig. IX is a fragmentary detailed sectional view of the anchorage portion of the work arm, taken as indicated by the angled arrows IXIX in Fig. 111.

Fig. X is a vertical sectional view of the free end of the work arm taken as indicated by the angled arrows X--X in Fig. III.

Fig. XI shows the needle heado'f the machine in front elevation with its cover plate removed to expose parts at the interior.

Fig. XE is a side elevation of the overhanging arm of the sewing machine with a portion broken out to expose thread tension mechanism.

Fig. XIII is a plan view of the overhanging arm of the sewing machine with a portion broken out to show a presser foot lifting mechanism; and,

Fig. XIV is a transverse sectional view of the overhanging arm taken as indicated by the angled arrows XIV-XIV in Fig. I.

for the accommodation not only of the stitch Asherein shown, and with particular reference to Fig. I, my improved sewing machine has a frame which comprises a base of substantially rectangular configuration from which extends, at an angle in a horizontal plane, the anchorage portion 2 of a work arm 3 whereof the free end or terminal portion 4 extends substantially at right angles to the anchorage portion 2 and lies in the same horizontal plane with the latter portion and forms a rectangular elbow therewith. From Figs. II and III, it will be observed that the base I has ahollow 5 and that the work arm 3 is also hollow and that the connecting end of its anchorage portion 2 communicates directly with the aforesaid hollow in the base. Rising from the base and secured thereto by screws 9 is a standard 6 which is hollow and communicates vertically into the hollow 5 of said base, said standard supporting a horizontal overhanging arm 1 which terminates in a needle head 8. As viewed in plan in Fig. I, the overhanging arm 1 forms a triangle with the portions 2 and 4 of the work arm 3, with the needle head at its its lower end a presser foot 52, is mounted for vertical movement. The presser bar 5| adjacent the presser foot 52 is provided with a laterally extending tongue member 53 which engages a slot 54 formed in the lower end of the depending bar 46, thus resisting any tendency of the presser bar 5| and presser foot 52 to turn about the axis of the presser bar. At its upper end the collar 41 is further provided with a rearwardly extending arm 55, which at its outer end has a notch 56 accommodating one end of a leaf spring 51. The leaf spring 51 at its other end engages the end of the presser bar 5| and through an adjustable screw 58 tends to urge the presser foot into yielding engagement' with the work on the work arm 3. By means of the screw 58, the pressure exerted by the spring 51 on the presser bar 5| and presser foot 52 may be varied. Between the guiding lugs 48, 49, the presser bar 5| carries a shoulder screw 59 which, through a flexible member 6|, is connected with a crank arm 62, as

outer end directly above the free'end of the f as indicated at |2, for passage of a conventional driving belt. The combined hand wheel and belt pulley H is afifixed to a driving shaft I 3 which extends longitudinally of the overhanging arm 1, and which is journaled in suitable bearings |4, l5 and I6. At its distal end (Figs. II and XI), the driving shaft |3 enters the needle head 8 and drives a crank disc |1 carrying a crank pin I8. By means of a link IS, the crank pin |8 is connected to a pin 2| forming an integral part of a clamp collar 22 carried by the needle bar 23. The free end of the pin 2| extends beyond the end of the link l9 and is formed with flattened sides which engage guide plates 24 secured to the inner face of the needle head by screws 25, thus resisting any torsional forces exerted by the link IS. The needle bar 23 is mounted for reciprocation in suitable bearing bushings 26 in x the needle head 8 and at its lower end carries one or more needles 21 (three such needles being shown in the illustrated example, Fig. X) which cooperate with complemental stitch forming mechanism situated in the free end of the work arm to efiect the formation of stitches.

As best illustated in Fig. II, the bearing bushings l5, l6 are mounted in cross walls 28, 28 in the overhanging arm 1 which serve to divide that arm into three compartments; namely, a needle head compartment 3|, a gear compartment 32 within the hollow standard 6, and an intermediate compartment 33 in which suitable needle thread tensions 34 are mounted on a bracket plate 35 secured by screws 36. Access to the intermediate compartment 33 is had through a cover plate 31 mounted by hinges 38 on the over hanging arm of the machine. As shown in Fig. I, the needle threads 1:. pass from a source of supply through eyelets 39, mounted in the rear wall of the overhanging arm, thence through the tension devices 34, and through eyelets 4| in clearly shown in Figs. XI and H11, affixed to a rock shaft 63 journaled in bearings 64, 65 in'the overhanging arm of the machine. The endwise movement of this rock shaft 63 .is prevented by engagement of the bearing 84 by the hub of the arm 62 and a thrust collar 66. Adjacent the bearing 65 the rock shaft 63 carries a collar 61 clamped thereto and having a laterally projecting crank arm 68, extending through a clearance opening in the wall of the overhanging arm of the 7 machine, the free end of which is adapted to be engaged by a chain or other suitable means leading to a foot treadle or the like for rocking the shaft and thereby lifting a the presser foot 52 from contact with the work on the work support.

- The collar 61 is further provided with a laterally the front wall of the overhanging arm, and ultiprojecting lug 69 which extends beneath the tension devices 34 and upon rocking of the shaft 63 to lift the presser foot 52, this lug 63 will engage the release pins 1| of the tension members 34, and separate the tension discs 18 (see Figs. II, XIII and XIV). From Fig. II, it is to be particularly noted that the flexible connecting member 6| extends through a tube 68 within the hollow of the head 8, the top of said tube being well above the level of an oil supply (conventionally indicated) at the bottom of said head and out of the range of oil splashed by the moving parts of the needle actuating mechanism.

Within the hollow standard 6, the driving shaft l3 carries a pinion 12 which meshes with an idler gear 13 journaled for rotation on a stationary shaft 14, and the idler gear 13 in turn meshes with a second pinion 15, identical to the pinion 12, mounted ona short countershaft 16 journaled in bearings 11, 18 in the upstanding portion 18 of the base The cavity 5 in this portion of the base is closed at the bottom by a cover plate 8| and gasket 82, thus providing an oil-tight compartment in which the above mentioned gears operate.

With particular reference to Figs. III, IX and X, wherein the mechanism within the work supporting arm 3 may be viewed in detail, it will be observed that the shaft 16 in addition to the gear 15 carries a bevel gear 83 which meshes with an identical bevel gear 84 affixed to one end of a transmission shaft journaled in bearing bushings 88, 81 and 88, supported respectively by an interiorly projecting lug 88, a cross wall II and an end wall 82 of the work supporting arm-3. At the free end of the work arm 3 in a compartment 83 are located one or more loopers 84, which constitute the complemental stitch form- 2,294,074 ing means previously referred to (three such loopers being shown in the illustrated example). As shown, the loopers 94 are mounted in a holder 95 secured to the end-of a looper shaft 96, which is joumaled for oscillation and endwise reciprocation in bearings 91, 90 and 99 interiorly of the free end portion 4 of the work arm 3. Intermediate the bearings 90 and 99, the looper shaft 96 carries an arm IOI clamped thereto, which arm at its outer end is connected by means of a link I02 to one end of a lever I03 for oscillation on a cross pin I04 carried by. suitable formations in the interior of the work arm 3. The other end of the bell crank lever I03 is connected by a pitman I05 with a crank or eccentric member I06 on the shaft 85, located adjacent the bushing 31. Through the above described train of mechanism, the shaft 96 will be oscillated to give the loopers their loop taking and loop shedding movements. g

Freely mounted on the looper shaft 96 is a collar I01 which is held against endwise movement by thrust collars I08. The collar I! is provided with a laterally projecting stud I09 whichis engagedby one end of a strap link III, the other end of which embraces an eccentric II2 on the shaft 85. As the shaft 85 is rotated, the eccentric II2, through this train of mechanism, will induce endwise reciprocation of the looper shaft, and thus impart to the loopers 95 their needle avoiding movement. The collar I0? is further provided with a depending lug I I3, the flattened sides of which engage guide blocks H9 secured by means of screws M to a boss H5 rising from the interior of the work arm. This guiding arrangement serves to absorb any torsion imparted to the collar I0'I by the link.I I I.

Secured to the. forward end of the work arm 3 is a throat plate I I! having needle holes and feed dog slots II8 through vwhich the two sections of a four motion feed dog I I9 operate to engage the fabric in the usual manner. The feed dog H9 is provided with a depending shank I2I secured by means of a screw I22 to the forward end of a feed bar I23. The feed barJ23 extends rearwardly along the work arm 3 and intermediate its ends is pivotally supported by a vertical link I24, which at its lower end is mounted for oscillation about a cross pin I25 mounted in suitable bosses I26 on the interior of the work arm. At its rear end the feed bar I23 is provided with a longitudinal bore I21 in which a rod I 29 is engaged for sliding reciprocation. This rod I28 is formed as an integral part of an eccentric strap in an arcuate slot I34 formed in a rock member I35 which at its lower end is pivotally mounted on a cross pin I36 secured in suitable lugs I37 projecting interiorly of the work arm 3. Pivotally connected to the rock member I35 isone end of a pitman I38, the other end of which embraces an eccentric I39 on .the shaft 95. Rotation-of the shaft 05 willimpart oscillation to the rock member I35, andthrough the link I32 the other oscillations will be converted into reciproeating movement in the feed bar for its feed and return stroke. link I32 along the slot I34, the length of the feed stroke can be varied.

The looper thread or threads I are led from a source of supply into a slot I4I formed in the outer wall of the anchorage portion 2 of the work arm 3, and through this slot are led into a thread tension recess or cavity I42-formed in the rear side of the work arm. This recess or cavity I42 contains thread tension devices I43, and access thereto for the p se of threading is had through a retractable cover plate I44 hinged .to the side wall of the work arm at I45. After passing through the thread tension devices I43, the looper thread is ledthrough a slot I46 formed in the upper rear wall of the work arm, and thence into a housing I41 at the elbow of the work arm' arm 3 to the loopers 99. With particular reference to Fig. III, the above described course of the looper threads 1 is indicated by dot-and-dash lines. (9

The entire work arm 3, including its anchorage portion 2, is closed at thetop by a correspondingly co igured cover plate I57 secured thereon by screws I58, as most clearly indicated in Fig. I. Between the work arm 3 and the cover plate I52, there is a gasket I59, which encloses the mechanism within the work arm in an oiltight casing in which an oil bath is maintained. The cover plate I5! extends lengthwise of the free end 4 of the work arm 3 beyond its point of attachment by the screws I50 and also extends along the anchorage portion 2 of the work arm beyond its point of attachment, and a ng this edge it is spaced to some exent from t e edge of the work arm wall to provide an opening or slot I 6| into which the thread I may be led to guide it into the thread guiding slots MI, I96 and I56.

As. may be seen from the drawings, the mechanlsm of th machine is enclosed in three oil-tight compartments or chambers in each of which a quantity of oil is encased for splash lubrication applied to the mechanism situated therein. These compartments are the needle head compartment 3I in which the parts are lubricated a already explained, the gear compartment 32 within the standard 9, which at its lower end extends laterally to the cross wall M in the work arm 3, and a compartment I50 extending along thework arm from the cross wall 9i to the cross wall 91 at the free end of the work arm 3. As a consequence of this arrangement, different grades of oil may be employed for the three different mechanisms above referred to.. Not only is a gasket employed to secure the cover plate I57 for the work arm including its anchorage portion, but an additional gasket I60 is also located between the upper and lower portions of the frame which are held together by screws.

For access to'the loopers for inspection and threading, the work arm is provided at its free end with side openings, which are closed by cov- By adjusting the rear end of the ers I62, hinged at I83 and provided at their hinged point with cam surfaces I (Fig. VIII) which engage the'arms of a leaf spring I65 secured to the work arm 3 by a screw I" and operating to hold the covers either in open or closed position.

From the above description, it will be particularly observed that the driving mechanism of the sewing machine comprises gear-connected shafts which extend from the standard 8 through the overhanging arm I and from the standard through the anchorage portion 2 of the work arm 3. Power is transmitted to points relatively remote from the standard by rotary elements exclusively. For imparting ,the desired movements (reciprocatory or oscillatory) to the needle bar 23, the loopers 84 and the feed dog H9, additional actuating mechanism, driven by said gearconnected shafts, is provided, which additional mechanism is confined to the needle head compartment 3| and the compartment 150 extending throughout the free end of the' work arm 3. Thus this invention materially reduces, from the standpoint of size and weight, the moving parts required for imparting such special movements to the stitch forming and feeding mechanism, permitting high speed operation, and at the same time resulting in obvious simplification, economy, and avoidance of vibration with respect to the entire driving mechanism. Moreover, the advantages of the co-planar type of work supporting arm are also obtained.

It will also be observed that numerous other advantages are gained, including especially an efiicient system of lubrication for the moving parts most subject to wear, a particularly convenient method of conducting the looper threads around an angular work supporting arm, and other advantages which follow from the particular design of the work supporting arm and the accessibility of parts within the interior thereof.

While I have described my invention in some detail with reference to a specific embodiment thereof in a feed-oif-the-arm machine, it will be apparent that numerous changes may be made in the form of the apparatus disclosed herein, without departing from the spirit of my inven tion, and that various features of my invention may at times be used to advantage without a corresponding use of other features.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. In a sewing machine, a frame having a main support including a base and a. standard rising therefrom, a substantially horizontal angular work arm extending laterally and thence forwardly from said main support, an arm extending laterally from said support with its free end overhanging the free end of the work arm, the axes of said work arm, main support and overhanging arm presenting in plan a right angle triangle with acute angles respectively at the region of the free ends of the two arms and at the region of the main support, of which angles the latter is not greater than the first.

2. In a sewing machine, a frame having a main support including a base and a standard rising therefrom, a substantially horizontal angular work arm extending laterally and theme forwardly from said main support, an arm extending laterally .from said support with its free end overhanging the free end of the work arm, the axes of said work arm, main support and overhanging arm presenting in plan a right angle triangle with acute angles respectively at the region of the free ends of the two arms and at the region of the-main support, of which angle: the first mentioned angle is the greater of the two.

3. In a sewing machine, a frame having a hollow base with a substantially horizontal hollow angular work arm extending laterally and thence forwardly therefrom, a hollow standard risi from the base and sustaining a laterally extending .hollow arm with its free end overhanging the free end of the work arm, the axes of said work arm, standard and overhanging arm forming a right angle triangle in plan configuration with acute angles respectively at the region of the free ends of the two arms and at the region of the standard, of which angles the latter is not greater than the first; stitch forming and feeding means respectively at the free ends of the overhanging and work arms; and drive means for said stitch forming and feeding means with parts thereof in the hollows of said standard and said work and overhanging arms.

4. Ina sewing machine, a frame having a hollow base with a substantially horizontal hollow angular work arm extending laterally and thence forwardly therefrom, a hollow standard rising from the base and sustaining a laterally extending hollow arm with its free end overhanging the free end of the work arm, the axes of said work arm, standard and overhanging arm forming a right angle triangle in plan configuration with acute angles respectively at the region of the free ends of the two arms and at the region of the standard, of which angles the latter is not greater than the first; stitch forming and feeding means respectively at the free ends of the overhanging and work arms and'rotary drive means for said stitch forming and feeding means with parts thereof in the hollows of said standard and said work and overhanging arms.

5. In a sewing machine, a frame having a hollow base with a substantially horizontal hollow angular work arm extending laterally and thence forwardly therefrom, a hollow standard rising from the base and sustaining a laterally extending hollow arm with its free end overhanging the free end of the work arm, the axes of said work arm, standard and overhanging arm forming a right angle triangle in plan configuration with acute angles respectively at the region of the free ends of the two arms and at the region of the standard, of which angles the latter is not greater than the first; stitch forming and feeding means respectively at the free ends of the overhanging and work arms; and drive mechanism including actuating shafts for said stitch forming and feeding means respectively within the overhanging and work arms, and means within the standard connecting the two shafts for synchronous rotation.

6. In a sewing machine, a frame having a hollow base with a substantially horizontal hollow angular work arm extending laterally and thence forwardly therefrom, a hollow standard rising from the base and sustaining a laterally extending hollow arm with-its free end overhanging the free end of the work arm, the axes of said work arm, standard and overhanging arm forming a right angle triangle in plan configuration with forming and feeding means respectively within the overhanging and work arms, and a train of gear wheels within the standard connecting the two shafts for synchronous rotation.

7. In a sewing machine, a frame having a hollow base with a substantially horizontal hollow angular work arm extending laterally and thence forwardly therefrom, a hollow standard rising i from the base and sustaining a laterally extending hollow arm with its free end overhanging the free end of the work arm, the axes of said work arm, standard and overhanging arm forming a triangle in plan configuration with acute angles respectively at the region of the free ends of the two arms and at the region of the standard, of 15 which angles the latter is not greater than the first; stitch forming and feeding means respec- 8. A feed-off-the-arm sewing machine having a forwardly projecting work arm, a transverse supporting member therefor, a rotatable shaft in said member, work feeding and stitch forming devices in said work-arm actuated by said shaft, a bearing in the end wall of said transverse member through which said shaftprotrudes, and thread controlling means operated by said shaft on the exterior of said work arm.

9. A sewing machine comprising a hollow frame with a base, a work arm with an anchor-,

age portion extending horizontally at an angle from the base and a free end portion extending substantially at right angles to the anchorage portion, and a standard supporting a uni-directional overhanging arm which terminates above the free end of the work arm; a needle bar vertically reciprocable in the free end of the overhanging arm; a needle operating shaft extending lengthwise of the overhanging arm in a vertical plane which intersects the vertical plane of the work arm inward of the free end of the latter; a looper to cooperate with the needle at the free end of the work arm; a counter-shaft within the frame'base below the needle actuating shaft; :3. transmission shaft extending lengthwise of the interior of the anchorage portion of the work arm and protruding at the elbow of the latter; mechanism within the free end portion of the work arm for actuating the looper from the transmission shaft; a train of spur gears within the standard connecting the needle shaft and the counter-shaft; a pair of bevel gears within the base connecting the counter-shaft with the transmission shaft; a rotary take up for the looper thread mounted on the protruding end of the transmission shaft; a tension means for the looper thread within a recess in the outer side of the anchorage portion of the work arm; a guide channel in the back side wall of the anchorage portion of the work arm for the looper thread en route from the tension to the take-up;-

a channel in the outer side-wall of the free end portion of the work supporting arm for guiding the looper thread from the rotary take-up ,to

the looper.

10. A sewing machine comprising a hollow age portion extending horizontally at an angle from the base and a free end portion extending substantially at right angles to the anchorage portion, and a standard supporting a uni-directional overhanging arm which terminates above the free end of the work arm; a, needle bar vertically reciprocable in the free end of the overhanging arm; a needle operating shaft extending lengthwise within the overhanging arm in a vertical plane which intersects the vertical plane through the work arm inward of the free end of the latter; a looper. to cooperate with the needle at the free end of the'work arm; a countershaft within the frame base below the needle actuating shaft; a transmission shaft extending lengthwise of the interior of the anchorage portion of the work arm and protruding at the elbow of said am; mechanism within the free end portion of the work arm for actuating the looper from the transmission shaft; 9, train of spur gears within the standard connecting the needle shaft with the counter-shaft; a pair of bevel gears within the base connecting the countershaft with the transmission shaft; a rotary take-' up for the looper thread mounted on the protruding end of the transmission shaft; a looper thread tension within a recess in the outer side wall of the work arm; and retractable protecting covers respectively for the tension accommodating recess and the rotary take-up having their outer surfacesfiush with the corresponding sur faces of the work arm.

11. A sewing machine comprising a hollow frame with a base, a work arm with an anchorage portion extending horizontally at an angle from the base and a free end portion extending substantially at right angles to the anchorage portion, and a standard supportinga uni-directional overhanging arm which terminates above the free end of the work arm; a needle bar vertically reciprocable in the free end of the overhanging arm; a needle operating shaft extending lengthwise within the overhanging arm in a vertical plane which intersects the vertical plane through the work arm inward of the free end of the latter; a looper to cooperate with the needle at the free end of the work arm; a countershaft within the frame base below the needle actuating shaft; a transmission shaft extending lengthwise of the interior of theanchorage portion of the work arm and passing outward through a bearing at the elbow, of said arm; mechanism within the work arm for actuating the complement'al stitch forming element from the transmission shaft; a train of spur gears within the standard connecting the needle shaft with the counter-shaft; a pair of bevel gears within the base connecting the counter-shaft with the transmission shaft; a

. recess in the outer side of the anchorage portion of the work arm; a tension: for the looper thread disposed within the recess; an oil sump in the bottom of the work arm from which the looper actuating mechanism is lubricated; and a partition whereby the recess for the thread tension is isolated from said oil sump.

12. In a sewing machine, a frame structure comprising a base, a standard rising therefrom, an upper arm projecting laterally from said standard, and a, lower right-angled arm projecting laterally from the base with its free end beneath the free end of said upper arm; stitch forming and work feeding devices at the free ends of said upper and lower arms; means for actuating said devices including upper and lower shafts respectively journaled onsaid arms; and

means at the standard connecting the two shafts for synchronous rotation including an idler shaft which is connected by a train of spur gears with the upper shaft and by a pair of bevel gears with the lower shaft.

13. A sewing machine comprising a hollow frame with a base, a work arm with an anchorage 'portion extending horizontally at an angle from tending lengthwise within the overhanging arm in a vertical plane which intersects the vertical plane through the work arm'inward of the free end of the latter; a complemental stitch-forming element to cooperate with the needle at the free end portion of said work arm; a countershaft within the frame base below the needle actuating shaft; 9. transmission shaft extending lengthwise of the interior of the anchorage portion of the work arm; actuating mechanism within the free end portion of the work arm for actuating the complemental stitch forming element from the transmission shaft; a train of spur gears within the standard connecting the needle shaft with the counter-shaft; a pair of bevel gears within the base connecting the countershaft with the transmission shaft; a partition dividing the hollow of the base and the standard from the hollow of the work arm to provide separate sumps for oil into one of which sumps the lowermost of the gear wheels of the spur train dips for the purpose of splash lubricating the parts within the base and the standard, and into the other of which sumps the actuating mechanism for the complemental stitch-forming element dips for splash lubrication of the parts within the work arm.

14. A sewing machine comprising a hollow frame with a base, a work arm with an anchorage portion extending horizontally at an angle from the base and a free end portion extending substantially at right angles to the anchorage portion, and a standard supporting a uni-directional overhanging arm which tenninates. above the free end of the work arm; a needle bar confined to up and down movement in the free end of the overhanging arm; a needle operating shaft extending lengthwise within the overhanging arm in a vertical plane which intersects the vertical plane through the work arm inward of the free end of the latter; a complemental stitch forming element to cooperate with the needle at the free end portion of the work arm; a counter-shaft within the frame base below the needle actuating shaft; a transmission shaft extending length wise of the interior of the anchorage portion of the work arm; actuating mechanism within the free end portion of the work arm for, actuating the complemental stitch forming element from the transmission shaft; a train of spur gears within the standard connecting the needle shaft with the counter-shaft; a pair of bevel gears within the base connecting the counter-shaft with the transmission shaft; a pendent needle head ,at the free extremity of the overhanging arm for guiding the. needle bar and for housing actuating mechanism by which the needle bar is connected with the needle shaft; a sump at the bottom of the needle head into which theparts of the needle mechanism dip to splash, about the oil within the head; a sump at the bottom of the frame base for oil into which the lowermost gear wheel of the ur train dips to splash lubricant,about within the base and the standard; partitions separating the hollow ofthe base and standard from the hollows of the overhanging arm and work arm; and a sump within free end overhanging the free end of the work arm, the axes of said work arm, the main support and overhanging arm forming a right angle triangle in plan configuration with acute angles respectively at the region of the free ends of the two arms and at the region of the main support, of which angles the latter is not greater than the first; needle actuating mechanism at the free end of the overhanging arm; work feeding means and complementary stitch forming means at the free end of the work arm; driving means for the needle actuating means and for the work feeding means and the complementary stitch forming means extending respectively through the overhanging arm and through the standard and the laterally extending portion of the work arm; said base, standard and arms completely enclosing said driving means, and providing a plurality of isolated oil sumps for lubrication of the driving means, and said driving means acting to distribute the oil from said sump by splash action.

16. In a. sewing machine, a frame having a main support including a base with a. standard rising therefrom, a substantially horizontal angular work arm extending laterally and thence forwardly from said main support; a uni-directional arm extending laterally from said support with its free end overhanging the free end of the work arm, the axes of said work arm, main support and overhanging arm forming a right angle triangle in plan configuration with acute angles respectively at the region of the free ends of the two arms and at the region of the main support, of which angles the latter is not greater than the first; work feeding and stitch forming 

